Here are some websites that provide information and resources for physics and physics teaching. If you come across other sites that are useful, please tell us!
American Institute of Physics (AIP)
http://www.aip.org
American Physical Society (APS)
http://www.aps.org
Society of Physics Students
http://www.spsnational.org/
American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT)
http://www.aapt.org/
PhysTEC
http://www.phystec.org/
Physics Teachers Education Coalition (PTEC)
http://www.ptec.org/
Physics Education Research (PER) Central
http://www.compadre.org/PER/
APS Physics Education Research
http://prst-per.aps.org/
AIP Education Resources
http://www.aip.org/education/
SPS Preparing to Teach
http://www.spsnational.org/cup/teach/
APS Career Search
http://careers.aps.org/search.cfm
SPS Careers Using Physics
http://www.spsnational.org/cup/